Framing Statistical Questions
- Given data, come up with interesting questions
Announcements
123 GO - What’s your dream vehicle?
Resources
Form 990 is the IRS’ primary tool for gathering information about tax-exempt organizations, educating organizations about tax law requirements and promoting compliance. Organizations also use the Form 990 to share information with the public about their programs.
Which kind of organizations file an IRS 990? Here are some examples of large, well known nonprofit organizations filing here.
- American Cancer Society
- American Red Cross
- Free Software Foundation
- National Football League (NFL) up until 2015
- National Public Radio (NPR)
- National Rifle Association (NRA)
- Wikimedia Foundation
Data
I downloaded one example of an IRS 990 tax return.
aws s3 cp s3://irs-form-990/201932259349302043_public.xml ./ --no-sign-request
Let’s break this data down into pieces:
What kind of data is this? We’ll talk more about this format next week.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Return xmlns="http://www.irs.gov/efile" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.irs.gov/efile" returnVersion="2017v2.3">
An XML schema is a description of a type of XML document, typically expressed in terms of constraints on the structure and content of documents of that type, above and beyond the basic syntactical constraints imposed by XML itself.
- Wikipedia
The name of the tax preparer, and the tax period covered.
<ReturnHeader binaryAttachmentCnt="0">
<ReturnTs>2019-08-13T15:39:13-05:00</ReturnTs>
<TaxPeriodEndDt>2018-09-30</TaxPeriodEndDt>
<PreparerFirmGrp>
<PreparerFirmEIN>760754060</PreparerFirmEIN>
<PreparerFirmName>
<BusinessNameLine1Txt>MURPHY EDWARDS GONCALVES & FERRERA PC</BusinessNameLine1Txt>
</PreparerFirmName>
<PreparerUSAddress>
<AddressLine1Txt>144 TURNPIKE ROAD SUITE 340</AddressLine1Txt>
<CityNm>SOUTHBORO</CityNm>
<StateAbbreviationCd>MA</StateAbbreviationCd>
<ZIPCd>01772</ZIPCd>
</PreparerUSAddress>
</PreparerFirmGrp>
<ReturnTypeCd>990</ReturnTypeCd>
<TaxPeriodBeginDt>2017-10-01</TaxPeriodBeginDt>
123 GO: Who might be interested in data about the preparer?
Who is filing the return?
<Filer>
<EIN>042888848</EIN>
<BusinessName>
<BusinessNameLine1Txt>FREE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION INC</BusinessNameLine1Txt>
</BusinessName>
<BusinessNameControlTxt>FREE</BusinessNameControlTxt>
<PhoneNum>6175425942</PhoneNum>
<USAddress>
<AddressLine1Txt>51 FRANKLIN STREET SUITE 500</AddressLine1Txt>
<CityNm>BOSTON</CityNm>
<StateAbbreviationCd>MA</StateAbbreviationCd>
<ZIPCd>02110</ZIPCd>
</USAddress>
</Filer>
We know where they are, we could plot the location on a map.
Some meta information about the filing.
<BusinessOfficerGrp>
<PersonNm>GEOFFREY KNAUTH</PersonNm>
<PersonTitleTxt>TREASURER</PersonTitleTxt>
<PhoneNum>6175425942</PhoneNum>
<SignatureDt>2019-08-13</SignatureDt>
<DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd>1</DiscussWithPaidPreparerInd>
</BusinessOfficerGrp>
<PreparerPersonGrp>
<PreparerPersonNm>JENNIFER FERRERA</PreparerPersonNm>
<PTIN>P00714924</PTIN>
<PhoneNum>5082297900</PhoneNum>
</PreparerPersonGrp>
<FilingSecurityInformation>
<IPAddress>
<IPv4AddressTxt>96.233.62.90</IPv4AddressTxt>
</IPAddress>
<IPDt>2019-08-13</IPDt>
<IPTm>15:02:45</IPTm>
<IPTimezoneCd>ED</IPTimezoneCd>
<FilingLicenseTypeCd>P</FilingLicenseTypeCd>
<AtSubmissionCreationDeviceId>5324F48F9AE881BE27263B391DA167E228F11E83</AtSubmissionCreationDeviceId>
<AtSubmissionFilingDeviceId>96F7FCD959B3A15FB034BBB1381CAB6B9EFA5C08</AtSubmissionFilingDeviceId>
</FilingSecurityInformation>
<TaxYr>2017</TaxYr>
<BuildTS>2019-02-21 02:37:17Z</BuildTS>
</ReturnHeader>
Wow, we can even see the IP address where it was filed from!
123 GO - who has heard of Richard Stallman?
Photo: wikipedia
<ReturnData documentCnt="6">
<IRS990 documentId="RetDoc1038000001" referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1044400001">
<PrincipalOfficerNm>RICHARD STALLMAN</PrincipalOfficerNm>
<USAddress>
<AddressLine1Txt>51 FRANKLIN STREET SUITE 500</AddressLine1Txt>
<CityNm>BOSTON</CityNm>
<StateAbbreviationCd>MA</StateAbbreviationCd>
<ZIPCd>02110</ZIPCd>
</USAddress>
Now we see a bunch of financial data. Let’s pick a couple and see if we can tease apart the meaning.
<GrossReceiptsAmt>3663026</GrossReceiptsAmt>
<GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd>0</GroupReturnForAffiliatesInd>
<Organization501c3Ind>X</Organization501c3Ind>
<WebsiteAddressTxt>WWW.FSF.ORG</WebsiteAddressTxt>
<TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd>X</TypeOfOrganizationCorpInd>
<FormationYr>1985</FormationYr>
<LegalDomicileStateCd>MA</LegalDomicileStateCd>
<ActivityOrMissionDesc>SEE PART III</ActivityOrMissionDesc>
<VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt>7</VotingMembersGoverningBodyCnt>
<VotingMembersIndependentCnt>7</VotingMembersIndependentCnt>
<TotalEmployeeCnt>20</TotalEmployeeCnt>
<TotalVolunteersCnt>1466</TotalVolunteersCnt>
<TotalGrossUBIAmt>0</TotalGrossUBIAmt>
<NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt>0</NetUnrelatedBusTxblIncmAmt>
<PYContributionsGrantsAmt>1294697</PYContributionsGrantsAmt>
<CYContributionsGrantsAmt>2711515</CYContributionsGrantsAmt>
<PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt>15039</PYProgramServiceRevenueAmt>
<CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt>552</CYProgramServiceRevenueAmt>
<PYInvestmentIncomeAmt>5630</PYInvestmentIncomeAmt>
<CYInvestmentIncomeAmt>-133452</CYInvestmentIncomeAmt>
<PYOtherRevenueAmt>58208</PYOtherRevenueAmt>
<CYOtherRevenueAmt>50381</CYOtherRevenueAmt>
<PYTotalRevenueAmt>1373574</PYTotalRevenueAmt>
<CYTotalRevenueAmt>2628996</CYTotalRevenueAmt>
<PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt>0</PYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt>
<CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt>0</CYGrantsAndSimilarPaidAmt>
<PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt>0</PYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt>
<CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt>0</CYBenefitsPaidToMembersAmt>
<PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt>921468</PYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt>
<CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt>1033344</CYSalariesCompEmpBnftPaidAmt>
<PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt>0</PYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt>
<CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt>0</CYTotalProfFndrsngExpnsAmt>
<CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt>66765</CYTotalFundraisingExpenseAmt>
<PYOtherExpensesAmt>311926</PYOtherExpensesAmt>
<CYOtherExpensesAmt>413222</CYOtherExpensesAmt>
<PYTotalExpensesAmt>1233394</PYTotalExpensesAmt>
<CYTotalExpensesAmt>1446566</CYTotalExpensesAmt>
<PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt>140180</PYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt>
<CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt>1182430</CYRevenuesLessExpensesAmt>
<TotalAssetsBOYAmt>1496415</TotalAssetsBOYAmt>
<TotalAssetsEOYAmt>2646904</TotalAssetsEOYAmt>
<TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt>122770</TotalLiabilitiesBOYAmt>
<TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt>103579</TotalLiabilitiesEOYAmt>
<NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt>1373645</NetAssetsOrFundBalancesBOYAmt>
<NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt>2543325</NetAssetsOrFundBalancesEOYAmt>
Statisticians LOVE numerical data, because you can plug it right in, no additional effort necessary.
Ah, the mission! Let’s read it.
Is there anything in this text that might make it hard to process the words?
<InfoInScheduleOPartIIIInd>X</InfoInScheduleOPartIIIInd>
<MissionDesc>THE FSF IS DEDICATED TO PROMOTING AND DEFENDING COMPUTER USERS' RIGHTS TO USE, STUDY, COPY, AND MODIFY THE SOFTWARE ON THEIR COMPUTERS, AS WELL AS THE RELATED DOCUMENTATION. THE FSF ASSISTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF FREE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION.</MissionDesc>
<SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd>0</SignificantNewProgramSrvcInd>
<SignificantChangeInd>0</SignificantChangeInd>
<ExpenseAmt>603983</ExpenseAmt>
<Desc>THE EDUCATION AND OUTREACH PROGRAM ADVOCATES FOR COMPUTER USER FREEDOMTHROUGH ONLINE AND IN-PERSON CAMPAIGNS, AND HELPS INDIVIDUALS WITH THEPRACTICAL DETAILS OF USING COMPUTERS IN AN ETHICAL MANNER.THIS INCLUDES PUBLISHING EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS ABOUT HOW TO USE ANDDEVELOP FREE SOFTWARE, WRITING ISSUE-FOCUSED ARTICLES AND ACTION ALERTSRELATED TO PERSONAL COMPUTING FREEDOM AND FREEDOM ON THE INTERNET,SPEAKING AT EVENTS, COORDINATING AND EMPOWERING VOLUNTEERS TO ADVOCATEFOR FREE SOFTWARE IN THEIR LOCAL COMMUNITIES, ANSWERING THOUSANDS OFEMAILS EACH YEAR FROM PEOPLE INTERESTED IN FREE SOFTWARE, ANDORGANIZING AN ANNUAL CONFERENCE THAT BRINGS THE FREE SOFTWARE COMMUNITYTOGETHER.</Desc>
<ProgSrvcAccomActy2Grp>
<ExpenseAmt>251261</ExpenseAmt>
<Desc>THE GNU PROJECT DOES COLLABORATIVE DEVELOPMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF ANOPERATING SYSTEM (OS) THAT RESPECTS USERS' FREEDOM. GNU SOFTWARE ISLICENSED FREELY SO THAT USERS CAN RUN, SHARE, STUDY AND MODIFY ITHOWEVER IS BEST FOR THEM. THE GNU SYSTEM IS USED MOST POPULARLY WITHTHE KERNEL LINUX, FORMING THE GNU/LINUX OS USED ON MILLIONS OFCOMPUTERS WORLDWIDE, INCLUDING THE MAJORITY OF WEB AND EMAIL SERVERS.THE FSF SUPPORTS GNU WITH RESOURCES FOR COORDINATION, PLANNING,SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT INFRASTRUCTURE, WEB AND DOWNLOAD HOSTING,COPYRIGHT STEWARDSHIP, PROGRAMMING WORK, AND PUBLIC PROMOTION.</Desc>
</ProgSrvcAccomActy2Grp>
<ProgSrvcAccomActy3Grp>
<ExpenseAmt>341058</ExpenseAmt>
<RevenueAmt>552</RevenueAmt>
<Desc>THE LICENSE EDUCATION PROGRAM ASSISTS DEVELOPERS AND USERS INUNDERSTANDING SOFTWARE LICENSING AND DETERMINING WHICH SOFTWARE ISETHICALLY SAFE FOR THEM TO USE. IT ANSWERS QUESTIONS FROM THE PUBLIC;OFFERS GUIDANCE ON BEST PRACTICES; PUBLISHES ARTICLES ON FREE SOFTWARELICENSING ISSUES; SENDS SPEAKERS TO EVENTS; INVESTIGATES AND RESOLVESVIOLATIONS OF THE GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE (GPL), LESSER GPL, AND GNUFREE DOCUMENTATION LICENSE; CERTIFIES HARDWARE PRODUCTS THAT RESPECTUSER FREEDOM; AND PRESENTS CONTINUING LEGAL EDUCATION COURSES FORLAWYERS.</Desc>
</ProgSrvcAccomActy3Grp>
<ProgSrvcAccomActyOtherGrp>
<ExpenseAmt>90024</ExpenseAmt>
<Desc>OTHER PROGRAMS INCLUDE COMPILING AND MAINTAINING A DIRECTORY OF FREE SOFTWARE FOR ALL OPERATING SYSTEMS AT DIRECTORY.FSF.ORG AND PUBLISHING PRINTED BOOKS AND SELLING CLOTHING RELATED TO THE USE OF AND ADVOCACY FOR FREE SOFTWARE.</Desc>
</ProgSrvcAccomActyOtherGrp>
More numerical and meta data.
<TotalOtherProgSrvcExpenseAmt>90024</TotalOtherProgSrvcExpenseAmt>
<TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt>1286326</TotalProgramServiceExpensesAmt>
<DescribedInSection501c3Ind referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1039100001">1</DescribedInSection501c3Ind>
<ScheduleBRequiredInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1234500001">1</ScheduleBRequiredInd>
<PoliticalCampaignActyInd>0</PoliticalCampaignActyInd>
<LobbyingActivitiesInd>0</LobbyingActivitiesInd>
<SubjectToProxyTaxInd>0</SubjectToProxyTaxInd>
<DonorAdvisedFundInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">0</DonorAdvisedFundInd>
<ConservationEasementsInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">0</ConservationEasementsInd>
<CollectionsOfArtInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">0</CollectionsOfArtInd>
<CreditCounselingInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">0</CreditCounselingInd>
<TempOrPermanentEndowmentsInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">0</TempOrPermanentEndowmentsInd>
<ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">1</ReportLandBuildingEquipmentInd>
<ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">0</ReportInvestmentsOtherSecInd>
<ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">0</ReportProgramRelatedInvstInd>
<ReportOtherAssetsInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">0</ReportOtherAssetsInd>
<ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">0</ReportOtherLiabilitiesInd>
<IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">1</IncludeFIN48FootnoteInd>
<IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">1</IndependentAuditFinclStmtInd>
<ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1040000001">0</ConsolidatedAuditFinclStmtInd>
<SchoolOperatingInd>0</SchoolOperatingInd>
<ForeignOfficeInd>1</ForeignOfficeInd>
<ForeignActivitiesInd>0</ForeignActivitiesInd>
<MoreThan5000KToOrgInd>0</MoreThan5000KToOrgInd>
<MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd>0</MoreThan5000KToIndividualsInd>
<ProfessionalFundraisingInd>0</ProfessionalFundraisingInd>
<FundraisingActivitiesInd>0</FundraisingActivitiesInd>
<GamingActivitiesInd>0</GamingActivitiesInd>
<OperateHospitalInd>0</OperateHospitalInd>
<GrantsToOrganizationsInd>0</GrantsToOrganizationsInd>
<GrantsToIndividualsInd>0</GrantsToIndividualsInd>
<ScheduleJRequiredInd>0</ScheduleJRequiredInd>
<TaxExemptBondsInd>0</TaxExemptBondsInd>
<EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd>0</EngagedInExcessBenefitTransInd>
<PYExcessBenefitTransInd>0</PYExcessBenefitTransInd>
<LoanOutstandingInd>0</LoanOutstandingInd>
<GrantToRelatedPersonInd>0</GrantToRelatedPersonInd>
<BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd>0</BusinessRlnWithOrgMemInd>
<BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd>0</BusinessRlnWithFamMemInd>
<BusinessRlnWithOfficerEntInd>0</BusinessRlnWithOfficerEntInd>
<DeductibleNonCashContriInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1042900001">1</DeductibleNonCashContriInd>
<DeductibleArtContributionInd referenceDocumentId="RetDoc1042900001">0</DeductibleArtContributionInd>
<TerminateOperationsInd>0</TerminateOperationsInd>
<PartialLiquidationInd>0</PartialLiquidationInd>
<DisregardedEntityInd>0</DisregardedEntityInd>
<RelatedEntityInd>0</RelatedEntityInd>
<RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd>0</RelatedOrganizationCtrlEntInd>
<TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd>0</TrnsfrExmptNonChrtblRltdOrgInd>
<ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd>0</ActivitiesConductedPrtshpInd>
<ScheduleORequiredInd>1</ScheduleORequiredInd>
<IRPDocumentCnt>5</IRPDocumentCnt>
<IRPDocumentW2GCnt>0</IRPDocumentW2GCnt>
<EmployeeCnt>20</EmployeeCnt>
<EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd>1</EmploymentTaxReturnsFiledInd>
<UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd>0</UnrelatedBusIncmOverLimitInd>
<ForeignFinancialAccountInd>0</ForeignFinancialAccountInd>
<ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd>0</ProhibitedTaxShelterTransInd>
<TaxablePartyNotificationInd>0</TaxablePartyNotificationInd>
<NondeductibleContributionsInd>0</NondeductibleContributionsInd>
<QuidProQuoContributionsInd>0</QuidProQuoContributionsInd>
<Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd>0</Form8282PropertyDisposedOfInd>
<RcvFndsToPayPrsnlBnftCntrctInd>0</RcvFndsToPayPrsnlBnftCntrctInd>
<PayPremiumsPrsnlBnftCntrctInd>0</PayPremiumsPrsnlBnftCntrctInd>
<IndoorTanningServicesInd>0</IndoorTanningServicesInd>
<InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd>X</InfoInScheduleOPartVIInd>
<GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt>7</GoverningBodyVotingMembersCnt>
<IndependentVotingMemberCnt>7</IndependentVotingMemberCnt>
<FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd>0</FamilyOrBusinessRlnInd>
<DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd>0</DelegationOfMgmtDutiesInd>
<ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd>0</ChangeToOrgDocumentsInd>
<MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd>0</MaterialDiversionOrMisuseInd>
<MembersOrStockholdersInd>0</MembersOrStockholdersInd>
<ElectionOfBoardMembersInd>0</ElectionOfBoardMembersInd>
<DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd>0</DecisionsSubjectToApprovaInd>
<MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd>1</MinutesOfGoverningBodyInd>
<MinutesOfCommitteesInd>1</MinutesOfCommitteesInd>
<OfficerMailingAddressInd>0</OfficerMailingAddressInd>
<LocalChaptersInd>0</LocalChaptersInd>
<Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd>1</Form990ProvidedToGvrnBodyInd>
<ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd>1</ConflictOfInterestPolicyInd>
<AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd>1</AnnualDisclosureCoveredPrsnInd>
<RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd>1</RegularMonitoringEnfrcInd>
<WhistleblowerPolicyInd>1</WhistleblowerPolicyInd>
<DocumentRetentionPolicyInd>1</DocumentRetentionPolicyInd>
<CompensationProcessCEOInd>1</CompensationProcessCEOInd>
<CompensationProcessOtherInd>1</CompensationProcessOtherInd>
<InvestmentInJointVentureInd>0</InvestmentInJointVentureInd>
<StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd>MA</StatesWhereCopyOfReturnIsFldCd>
<UponRequestInd>X</UponRequestInd>
Here are the people involved in running the organization.
We can ask: who is getting paid, and how much?
<BooksInCareOfDetail>
<BusinessName>
<BusinessNameLine1Txt>THE ORGANIZATION</BusinessNameLine1Txt>
</BusinessName>
<PhoneNum>6175425942</PhoneNum>
<USAddress>
<AddressLine1Txt>51 FRANKLIN STREET SUITE 500</AddressLine1Txt>
<CityNm>BOSTON</CityNm>
<StateAbbreviationCd>MA</StateAbbreviationCd>
<ZIPCd>02110</ZIPCd>
</USAddress>
</BooksInCareOfDetail>
<Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<PersonNm>RICHARD M STALLMAN</PersonNm>
<TitleTxt>PRESIDENT</TitleTxt>
<AverageHoursPerWeekRt>40.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
<IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>X</IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>
<OfficerInd>X</OfficerInd>
<ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
<ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
<OtherCompensationAmt>0</OtherCompensationAmt>
</Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<PersonNm>GEOFFREY KNAUTH</PersonNm>
<TitleTxt>TREASURER</TitleTxt>
<AverageHoursPerWeekRt>2.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
<IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>X</IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>
<OfficerInd>X</OfficerInd>
<ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
<ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
<OtherCompensationAmt>0</OtherCompensationAmt>
</Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<PersonNm>BRADLEY KUHN</PersonNm>
<TitleTxt>DIRECTOR</TitleTxt>
<AverageHoursPerWeekRt>2.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
<IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>X</IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>
<ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
<ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
<OtherCompensationAmt>0</OtherCompensationAmt>
</Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<PersonNm>BENJAMIN MAKO HILL</PersonNm>
<TitleTxt>DIRECTOR</TitleTxt>
<AverageHoursPerWeekRt>2.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
<IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>X</IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>
<ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
<ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
<OtherCompensationAmt>0</OtherCompensationAmt>
</Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<PersonNm>HENRY POOLE</PersonNm>
<TitleTxt>DIRECTOR</TitleTxt>
<AverageHoursPerWeekRt>2.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
<IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>X</IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>
<ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
<ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
<OtherCompensationAmt>0</OtherCompensationAmt>
</Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<PersonNm>GERALD SUSSMAN</PersonNm>
<TitleTxt>DIRECTOR</TitleTxt>
<AverageHoursPerWeekRt>2.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
<IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>X</IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>
<ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
<ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
<OtherCompensationAmt>0</OtherCompensationAmt>
</Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<PersonNm>KAT WALSH</PersonNm>
<TitleTxt>DIRECTOR</TitleTxt>
<AverageHoursPerWeekRt>2.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
<IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>X</IndividualTrusteeOrDirectorInd>
<ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
<ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
<OtherCompensationAmt>0</OtherCompensationAmt>
</Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<PersonNm>JOHN SULLIVAN</PersonNm>
<TitleTxt>EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR</TitleTxt>
<AverageHoursPerWeekRt>45.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
<OfficerInd>X</OfficerInd>
<ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>96899</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
<ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
<OtherCompensationAmt>11258</OtherCompensationAmt>
</Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
<PersonNm>JOHN HSIEH</PersonNm>
<TitleTxt>CLERK/DEPUTY DIRECTOR</TitleTxt>
<AverageHoursPerWeekRt>45.00</AverageHoursPerWeekRt>
<OfficerInd>X</OfficerInd>
<ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>84447</ReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
<ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>0</ReportableCompFromRltdOrgAmt>
<OtherCompensationAmt>18994</OtherCompensationAmt>
</Form990PartVIISectionAGrp>
Next come more financial details. Numbers, hooray!
<TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt>181346</TotalReportableCompFromOrgAmt>
<TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt>0</TotReportableCompRltdOrgAmt>
<TotalOtherCompensationAmt>30252</TotalOtherCompensationAmt>
<IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt>0</IndivRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt>
<FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd>0</FormerOfcrEmployeesListedInd>
<TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd>0</TotalCompGreaterThan150KInd>
<CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd>0</CompensationFromOtherSrcsInd>
<CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt>0</CntrctRcvdGreaterThan100KCnt>
<MembershipDuesAmt>567724</MembershipDuesAmt>
<AllOtherContributionsAmt>2143791</AllOtherContributionsAmt>
<NoncashContributionsAmt>1000000</NoncashContributionsAmt>
<TotalContributionsAmt>2711515</TotalContributionsAmt>
<ProgramServiceRevenueGrp>
<Desc>COMPLIANCE FEES</Desc>
<BusinessCd>611710</BusinessCd>
<TotalRevenueColumnAmt>552</TotalRevenueColumnAmt>
<RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>552</RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>
</ProgramServiceRevenueGrp>
<TotalProgramServiceRevenueAmt>552</TotalProgramServiceRevenueAmt>
<InvestmentIncomeGrp>
<TotalRevenueColumnAmt>6357</TotalRevenueColumnAmt>
<ExclusionAmt>6357</ExclusionAmt>
</InvestmentIncomeGrp>
<GrossAmountSalesAssetsGrp>
<SecuritiesAmt>860191</SecuritiesAmt>
</GrossAmountSalesAssetsGrp>
<LessCostOthBasisSalesExpnssGrp>
<SecuritiesAmt>1000000</SecuritiesAmt>
</LessCostOthBasisSalesExpnssGrp>
<GainOrLossGrp>
<SecuritiesAmt>-139809</SecuritiesAmt>
</GainOrLossGrp>
<NetGainOrLossInvestmentsGrp>
<TotalRevenueColumnAmt>-139809</TotalRevenueColumnAmt>
<RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>-139809</RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>
</NetGainOrLossInvestmentsGrp>
<GrossSalesOfInventoryAmt>84506</GrossSalesOfInventoryAmt>
<CostOfGoodsSoldAmt>34030</CostOfGoodsSoldAmt>
<NetIncomeOrLossGrp>
<TotalRevenueColumnAmt>50476</TotalRevenueColumnAmt>
<RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>50476</RelatedOrExemptFuncIncomeAmt>
</NetIncomeOrLossGrp>
<OtherRevenueMiscGrp>
<Desc>LOSS ON FOREIGN CURRENCY</Desc>
<BusinessCd>900099</BusinessCd>
<TotalRevenueColumnAmt>-95</TotalRevenueColumnAmt>
<ExclusionAmt>-95</ExclusionAmt>
</OtherRevenueMiscGrp>
<OtherRevenueTotalAmt>-95</OtherRevenueTotalAmt>
<TotalRevenueGrp>
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<TotalAmt>50480</TotalAmt>
<ProgramServicesAmt>47956</ProgramServicesAmt>
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<ProgramServicesAmt>7930</ProgramServicesAmt>
<ManagementAndGeneralAmt>603</ManagementAndGeneralAmt>
<FundraisingAmt>301</FundraisingAmt>
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<OtherExpensesGrp>
<Desc>SPECIAL EVENTS AND MAIL</Desc>
<TotalAmt>54981</TotalAmt>
<ProgramServicesAmt>42408</ProgramServicesAmt>
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<FundraisingAmt>12262</FundraisingAmt>
</OtherExpensesGrp>
<OtherExpensesGrp>
<Desc>CREDIT CARD FEES</Desc>
<TotalAmt>52254</TotalAmt>
<ProgramServicesAmt>52254</ProgramServicesAmt>
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<Desc>OUTSIDE SERVICES</Desc>
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<OtherExpensesGrp>
<Desc>MEMBER MATERIALS AND PO</Desc>
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<AllOtherExpensesGrp>
<TotalAmt>15812</TotalAmt>
<ProgramServicesAmt>13999</ProgramServicesAmt>
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<EOYAmt>3652</EOYAmt>
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</PrepaidExpensesDefrdChargesGrp>
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<LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp>
<BOYAmt>19169</BOYAmt>
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</LandBldgEquipBasisNetGrp>
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<AccountsPayableAccrExpnssGrp>
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<TotalNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp>
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<EOYAmt>2543325</EOYAmt>
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<TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp>
<BOYAmt>1496415</BOYAmt>
<EOYAmt>2646904</EOYAmt>
</TotLiabNetAssetsFundBalanceGrp>
<ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt>1182430</ReconcilationRevenueExpnssAmt>
<NetUnrlzdGainsLossesInvstAmt>-12750</NetUnrlzdGainsLossesInvstAmt>
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<MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd>X</MethodOfAccountingAccrualInd>
<AccountantCompileOrReviewInd>0</AccountantCompileOrReviewInd>
<FSAuditedInd>1</FSAuditedInd>
<FSAuditedBasisGrp>
<SeparateBasisFinclStmtInd>X</SeparateBasisFinclStmtInd>
</FSAuditedBasisGrp>
<AuditCommitteeInd>1</AuditCommitteeInd>
<FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd>0</FederalGrantAuditRequiredInd>
</IRS990>
<IRS990ScheduleA documentId="RetDoc1039100001">
<PublicOrganization170Ind>X</PublicOrganization170Ind>
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<GrossInvestmentIncome170Grp>
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<CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>5190</CurrentTaxYearMinus2YearsAmt>
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<PublicSupportCY170Pct>0.84060</PublicSupportCY170Pct>
<PublicSupportPY170Pct>0.96990</PublicSupportPY170Pct>
<ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY170Ind>X</ThirtyThrPctSuprtTestsCY170Ind>
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<IRS990ScheduleB documentId="RetDoc1234500001" />
<IRS990ScheduleD documentId="RetDoc1040000001">
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<FootnoteTextInd>X</FootnoteTextInd>
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<RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt>0</RevenueNotReportedFinclStmtAmt>
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<TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt>1446566</TotalExpensesPerForm990Amt>
<SupplementalInformationDetail>
<FormAndLineReferenceDesc>PART X, LINE 2:</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
<ExplanationTxt>FSF ADOPTED ASC 740 RELATING TO THE ACCOUNTING FOR UNCERTAINTY IN INCOME TAXES. AS REQUIRED BY ASC 740, FSF HAS EVALUATED ITS TAX POSITIONS, APPLYING A "MORE LIKELY THAN NOT" STANDARD, AND BELIEVES THAT THERE WOULD BE NO MATERIAL CHANGES TO THE RESULTS OF ITS OPERATIONS OR FINANCIAL POSITION AS A RESULT OF AN AUDIT BY THE APPLICABLE TAXING AUTHORITIES, FEDERAL OR STATE.</ExplanationTxt>
</SupplementalInformationDetail>
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<OtherNonCashContriTableGrp>
<NonCashCheckboxInd>X</NonCashCheckboxInd>
<Desc>BITCOIN</Desc>
<ContributionCnt>1</ContributionCnt>
<NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>1000000</NoncashContributionsRptF990Amt>
<MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>FAIR MARKET VALUE AT</MethodOfDeterminingRevenuesTxt>
</OtherNonCashContriTableGrp>
<AnyPropertyThatMustBeHeldInd>0</AnyPropertyThatMustBeHeldInd>
<ReviewProcessUnusualNCGiftsInd>0</ReviewProcessUnusualNCGiftsInd>
<ThirdPartiesUsedInd>0</ThirdPartiesUsedInd>
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<IRS990ScheduleO documentId="RetDoc1044400001">
<SupplementalInformationDetail>
<FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 11B</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
<ExplanationTxt>THE CHARTERED FINANCE AND AUDIT SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE BOARD FULLY REVIEWS AND APPROVES BY VOTE THE FORM 990 AND AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. THE SUBCOMMITTEE REPORTS TO THE FULL BOARD OF DIRECTORS AFTER THAT SUBCOMMITTEE VOTE AND CIRCULATES A COPY OF ALL FINANCIAL DOCUMENTS TO THE FULL BOARD AFTER SUBCOMMITTEE APPROVAL.</ExplanationTxt>
</SupplementalInformationDetail>
<SupplementalInformationDetail>
<FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 12C</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
<ExplanationTxt>ALL RELEVANT PARTIES ARE REQUIRED TO READ AND SIGN THE POLICY ANNUALLY.</ExplanationTxt>
</SupplementalInformationDetail>
<SupplementalInformationDetail>
<FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION B, LINE 15</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
<ExplanationTxt>AN ANALYSIS COMPARING LOCAL AND NATIONAL COMPENSATION OF TOP MANAGEMENT AND KEY EMPLOYEES IS PERFORMED BY THE DIRECTORS.</ExplanationTxt>
</SupplementalInformationDetail>
<SupplementalInformationDetail>
<FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 18</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
<ExplanationTxt>ALL DOCUMENTS THAT ARE TO REQUIRED BE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST.</ExplanationTxt>
</SupplementalInformationDetail>
<SupplementalInformationDetail>
<FormAndLineReferenceDesc>FORM 990, PART VI, SECTION C, LINE 19</FormAndLineReferenceDesc>
<ExplanationTxt>ALL DOCUMENTS THAT ARE TO REQUIRED BE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST.</ExplanationTxt>
</SupplementalInformationDetail>
</IRS990ScheduleO>
</ReturnData>
</Return>
Exercise
See Canvas Discussion